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It should have a separation fuse for PPBUS_AON.
"The voltage at the PPBUS_AON diode is 0.012V"
I'm not sure what this means.
I always said NEVER write end "V" for diode mode readings; just to avoid a confusion between voltage and diode readings.
If you really have 0.012 in diode mode, that is...
Which schematic are you using?
"PPBUS_AON line has an abnormal value of 0.075V"
If that is voltage, what is diode mode to ground reading?
Remove battery + charger and wait 15s before checking.
Possibly more liquid damage on secondary power rails, or other sensors.
What about M/SPMU LDOs?
Compare diode mode readings with good board.
Did you test with charged battery?
"IPD_SYS_AWAKE is present *without* trackpad connected"
In such case, CPU is the one which first wakes up the trackpad.
Seems that even you force on the trackpad, CPU doesn't talk with it.
I suppose that CPU can't start such communication, without sending AWAKE signal by itself.
"I ran a wire from pin 1 to pin 3"
Pin 4 went high then?
Check IPD_LID_OPEN_1V8 and IPD_WAKE_CONN_L; compare with good board.
BTW, check JT400 signals when trackpad is connected.
I hope its power rails are all good.
Mentioned capacitor didn't kill anything; it failed because of overvoltage on 1V2_S2 power rail, like all other chips.
You should try several times DFU restore.
If trackpad worked before attempting the restore, there should't be any hardware problem.