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It's not a short.
These aren't exact numbers, just guessing, but let's say a CPU uses 45w of power.
Let's say a CPU runs on 1v of vcore.
What resistance to ground do you need in the ohm's law calculator to get 45w out of 1v? http://www.ohmslawcalculator.com/ohms-law-calculator Try it out...
This happens to me when the transistor creating PPBUS_G3H gets stuck and sends 16v to PPBUS_G3H. the system will still work but it disables the charger when battery is plugged in so 16v doesn't go to the battery and smoke it.
Either one of two things occurred.
1) You injected voltage to find the problem and whatever voltage you injected was too high and killed the CPU.
2) Q7530 sent 12v to the CPU before PPBUS_G3H could enter protection and killed the CPU.
Either way, CPU replacement time.
First fan spin, then CPU vcore. After hitting power do you get the other S0 rails? PP5V_S0, PP3V3_S0, etc. CPU vcore comes after all of that. I am guessing your problem is you are missing PP5V_S3 and everything after.